ALABASTER
Limestone (calcareous alabaster) or gypsum (alabaster gypsum) of chemical deposition in caves, sometimes on the surface, listings, for the most colorful areas in vanishing, typically translucent. The stalactites and other concretions of limestone caves are generally made of alabaster.
ANDES
extrusive rocks, mainly volcanic, very common, with phenocrysts (larger ones) generally of pyroxene and plagioclase in a paste of microcrystalline bottom, less often glassy. Can be distinguished by the adjective of the mineral characteristic: andesites amphibolite, pyroxene, olivine, etc. biotitic.
amphibole
green rock consisting essentially of regional metamorphism of amphibole and plagioclase. They differ different types of amphibolites adding the adjective of the mineral characteristic: epidote amphibolite, biotitic, etc. granatifere.
anorthosite
Intrusive rocks consist almost entirely of calcic plagioclase with small amounts of minerals femici (pyroxene and amphibole).
APLITI
intrusive and metamorphic rocks rich in silica (ipersiliciche), with abundant quartz and feldspar, less or no mineral femici. Generally constitute the bulk of the granitic migmatite or differentiation of acid magma in different compositions, or the filling of veins, veins and apophyses; grain have very minute.
SANDSTONE
Rocks sedimentary deposit with a granular size between 2 mm and 1 / 16 mm.
ARGILLACEOUS
lithified argillaceous rocks, compact or sheet, which they have lost the plastic properties of many minerals for recrystallization during diagenesis intense
clayey schists
shale-derived clay for slight metamorphism (eg slate). To move to increase the metamorphic phyllites. The term is also incorrectly attributed to sedimentary rocks such as clay rolled laminated shales, marls leaflets etc..
BASALT
blackish effusive rocks consist of calcic plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine, sometimes with amphiboles, the structure is often microcrystalline, rarely porphyritic with phenocrysts of plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine. Constitute major expansion, castings of various sizes, veins, sills, laccolith, etc.. The basaltic rocks are themselves over 90% of effusive rocks and lavas of the globe. The basalts of ancient origin are called melafiri.
BASAN
olivine basalt with feldspar, plagioclase, pyroxene, biotite and sometimes feldspathoids. They differ according to the present feldspathoids in Bashan and Bashan leucyl nepheline.
CALCARA
sediments and sedimentary rocks composed predominantly of calcium carbonate (CaC03). Similar rocks, are completely recrystallised metamorphic environment in these marbles. We consider pure limestones that contain at least 95% of CaC03, impure or mixed ones containing less, up to 50%.
CALCEFIRI
contact metamorphic rocks derived from marly limestone or acidic, limestone is also recrystallized. The calcefiri are rich in silicates calciferous and sometimes of rare minerals.
schists
shale produced by intense metamorphism non Sediment predominantly limestone or marl. The calcite, recrystallized, alternate with beds of mica and other silicates. For the formation of schists is the presence of pressure-oriented a determining factor.
CARBONATE
Rocks with predominantly calcite, with magnetite, Mg minerals, micas, apatite and other minerals found in veins, associated with alkaline igneous rocks. Their origin is debated and difficult to explain: they are considered intrusive rocks formed by consolidation of magma hypothetical carbonate, or limestone metamorphosed sedimentary or limestone dissolved in streams and rideposti from hydrothermal solutions.
CHERATOFIRI
extrusive igneous rocks acidic or neutral or filoniane, spilitizzate (enriched, ie, minerals sodium) containing albite or sodic plagioclase, chlorite, calcite and epidotes, and the varieties that contain cheratofiri quartz crystal are called.
CLORITOSCISTI
metamorphic rock mainly chlorite, sometimes with talc and various carbonates, derived from basic and ultrabasic igneous rocks, formed by low-grade metamorphism.
CORNUBIANITI
metamorphic rocks derived from sedimentary rocks, generally clastic, to intense thermal metamorphism. The structure is granoblastica; between the components are: quartz, feldspar, garnet, cordierite, andalusite, and other silicates epidotes The cornubianiti are tough, compact, fine grain, are formed in the inner part of dell'aureola contact.
DACITI
neutral effusive rocks, lava, tuff and ignimbrite often, Orphic structure, with phenocrysts of quartz, plagioclase, biotite, amphibole or pyroxene may, with the bottom dough microcrystalline or glassy. Chemical composition may be the granodiorite. Formed from magmas of the province peaceful.
Diabas
basic igneous rocks with similar composition to that of gabbros and basalts, subvulcaniche often filoniane, Ophites structure, with abundant calcic plagioclase, pyroxene, olivine rarely. When there are phenocrysts of the rock called diabase porphyrias. They are also called diabase rocks and submarine effusion subvulcanica basic, spilitiche (ore-sodium).
DIOR
neutral intrusive rocks with a predominance of plagioclase and pyroxene, amphibole and / or biotite. The structure is almost always granular olocristallina. Rocks are widespread and normally associated with granodiorite and granite.
DOLOMITE
rocks consist mainly of dolomite. There are all intermediate steps between limestone and dolomite.
Eclogite
metamorphic rocks with pyroxene and garnet, sometimes associated with other minerals such as amphiboles, which bear witness to the phenomena of retrometamorfismo (transition from metamorphism metamorphism intense light). They have different colors, more often green-red, and high density.
ECTINITI
regional metamorphic rocks of metasomatic not, that is, with no or with minor changes from the original chemical composition of the rock.
ESSEX
alkaline intrusive rocks, rare, characterized by the association of plagioclase, amphibole and sodic pyroxene, nepheline and alkali feldspar.
EUFOTIDE
Gabbro to coarse plagioclase and pyroxene (diallagio), widespread in the Apennines.
STEAMED
chemical sedimentary rock consisting of precipitated salts for supersaturation of the waters in which they were dissolved, by evaporation. Carbonates, sulfates, chlorides of Ca, Mg, Na, K are its constituents.
SEE ALSO ...
ROCKS _ F - G - H - I - K - L
ROCCE_M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T
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